| Year |
Event |
| 1474 |
An Indian named Quauhtlatoatzin
was born in Cuautitlan. |
| 1476 |
Juan de Zumarraga was born
in Spain. |
| 1492 |
Christopher Columbus landed
on an island in the Americas and named it San Salvador. |
| 1514 |
The first Marian Shrine
in the New World was established in the city of Higuey, first
to be built on American soil. |
| 1519 |
Hernan Cortez landed in
Mexico. |
| 1521 |
The capital city of the
Aztecs falls under Cortez. |
| 1524 |
The first 12 Franciscans arrive in Mexico
City. |
| 1525 |
The Indian Quauhtlatoatzin is baptized
by a Franciscan priest. He received the Christian name of Juan
Diego. |
| 1528 |
Friar Juan de Zumarraga arrives in the
New World. |
| 1529 |
Juan Diego’s wife, Maria, became
sick and died. |
| 1531 |
Year of the apparitions to Juan Diego |
| 1533 |
The first sanctuary was erected. |
| 1541 |
Franciscan priest and early historian
of New Spain “Motolinia” writes that some nine million
Aztecs had become Christians. |
| 1548 |
Death of Juan Diego. |
| 1555 |
In the Provincial Counsel, the second
archbishop of Mexico, Alonso de Montúfar, formulated
canons that indirectly approved the apparitions. |
| 1556 |
Archbishop Montúfar began the
erection of the second church. |
| 1560 |
A document known as the Valeriano Relation
is written by an Indian named Antonio Valeriano. Also known
as the Nican Mopohua. (Between 1540 and 1580). |
| 1564 |
An image was carried on the first formal
expedition to the Philippine Islands. |
| 1567 |
The new church ordered by Archbishop
Montufar is completed. |
| 1570 |
Archbishop Montufar sent to King Philip
II of Spain an oil painted copy of the image of Guadalupe. |
| 1571 |
Admiral Doria carried a copy of the
image aboard ship during the battle of Lepanto and imputed to
the Virgin of Guadalupe the victory over the Ottoman Empire
forces. |
| 1573 |
The “Primitive Relation” was
written by the historian Juan de Tovar, who transcribed the
story from a still earlier source, probably Juan Gonzalez, Bishop’s
Zumarraga’s translator. (Discovered in the Mexican national
Library Archives) |
| 1647 |
The image is covered with glass for
the first time. |
| 1648 |
The priest Miguel Sanchez published
in Mexico City, in Spanish, a work entitled “Image of the
Virgin Mary, Guadalupan Mother of God”. |
| 1649 |
Luis Lasso de la Vega published the
“Huey Tlanahuicoltica”, telling the story in Nahuatl.
It refers to earlier Nahuatl sources. |
| 1666 |
A formal inquiry and investigation was
conducted by the Church from February 18 to march 22 in order
to give authority to the tradition. |
| 1695 |
The first stone of the new sanctuary
was laid. The sanctuary was solemnly dedicated in 1709. |
| 1723 |
Another formal investigation ordered
by Archbishop Lanziego y Eguilaz. |
| 1737 |
The Most Holy Mary of Guadalupe was
chosen as the patroness of the city of Mexico. |
| 1746 |
The patronage of Our Lady
of Guadalupe was accepted for all of New Spain, which then embraced
the regions from northern California to El Salvador. |
| 1746 |
The knight Boturini Benaducci
promoted the solemn and official coronation of the image. |
| 1754 |
Benedict XIV approved the
patronage of New Spain and granted a Mass and Office proper
to the celebration of the feast on December 12. |
| 1756 |
Famous painter Miguel Cabrera
publishes his extensive study of the Image in the book “American
Marvel”. |
| 1757 |
The Virgin of Guadalupe
was declared patroness of the citizens of Ciudad Ponce in Puerto
Rico. |
| 1767 |
The religious of the Society
of Jesus are expelled from the Spanish dominions, and the image
is carried to various parts of the world. |
| 1895 |
Took place the coronation
of the image, with pontifical authority and the attendance of
a great part of the episcopate of the Americas. |
| 1910 |
Pius X declared the Virgin
of Guadalupe Patroness of Latin America. |
| 1911 |
A church was built on the
site of Juan Bernardino’s home. |
| 1921 |
A bomb placed beneath the
image exploded, causing great damage, but nothing happened to
the tilma. |
| 1924 |
A very important 16th century
source documenting the miracle is found in Peru by anthropologist
M. Saville. It is a pictorial calendar known as the Codex Saville
and shows the image of our Lady located in the position representing
the year 1531. |
| 1928 |
A coronation of the image
was made in Santa Fe, Argentina. |
| 1929 |
First documented note of
an apparent reflected image of a man’s head in the right
eye of the Virgin, by photographer Alfonso Marcue. |
| 1935 |
Pious XI extended the patronage
of the Virgin of Guadalupe to the Philippines. |
| 1945 |
Pious XII stated that the
Virgin of Guadalupe was the “Queen of Mexico and Empress
of the Americas” and that she had been painted “by
brushes that were not of this world”. |
| 1946 |
Pope Pius XII declared her
to be the Patroness of the Americas. |
| 1951 |
Examination of the image
by Carlos Salinas. Apparent reflection of a man’s head
in the right eye of the Virgin observed. |
| 1956 |
Dr. Torroela-Bueno, an ophthalmologist,
examined the eyes of the Virgin on the tilma. |
| 1958 |
Dr. Rafael Torija-Lavoignet
published his study of the Purkinje-Sanson effect as exhibited
in the Guadalupan image. |
| 1961 |
Pope John XXIII prayed to
her as Mother of the Americas. He addressed her as Mother and
Teacher of the Faith to the peoples of the Americas. |
| 1962 |
Dr. Charles Wahlig, O.D.
announces the discovery of two images apparently reflected in
the eyes of the Virgin when studying a photograph enlarged twenty
five times. |
| 1966 |
Pope Paul VI sent a Golden
Rose to the Basilica. |
| 1975 |
Glass was removed so the
image could be examined by another ophthalmologist, Dr. Enrique
Grave. |
| 1976 |
Dedication of the new Basilica
of Our Lady of Guadalupe, located four miles from central Mexico
City. |
| 1979 |
Dr. Philip Callahan takes
40 frames of infra-red photographs of the image. Later concluded
that the original image is unexplainable as a human work. |
| 1979 |
Pope John Paul II called
her the “Star of Evangelization”, knelt before her
image, invoked her motherly assistance and called upon her as
Mother of the Americas. |
| 1979 |
Dr. Jose Aste-Tonsmann announces
the finding of at least four human figures apparently reflected
in both eyes of the Virgin. Dr. Tosmann used sophisticated image
processing techniques with digitized photographs of both eyes. |
| 1988 |
The liturgical celebration
of Our Lady of Guadalupe on December 12 was raised to the status
of a feast in all dioceses in the United States. |
| 1990 |
Juan Diego was declared
Blessed by Pope John Paul II at the Vatican. |
| 1990 |
Pope John Paul II returns
to the Basilica in Mexico City. Performed the beatification
ceremony of Juan Diego. |
| 1992 |
Pope John Paul II dedicated
a chapel in honor of Our Lady of Guadalupe in St. Peter’s
Basilica. |
| 1999 |
Pope John Paul II, during
his third visit to the sanctuary, declared the date of December
the 12th as a Liturgical Holy Day for the whole continent. |
